Qashqai

Qashqai Weaving: All-Wool Craftsmanship from Iran’s Most Diverse Tribal Confederation

The Qashqai are a tribal confederation in Iran with ethnically diverse roots—including Turkic, Lur, Kurdish, and Arab elements. However, the majority identify as Turkic, speaking Qashqai Turkish and dialects similar to Chaharmahali Turkish. Their traditional migration routes stretch from the central Iranian plateau in Isfahan Province down to the southern coastlines of the Persian Gulf. Many Qashqai families trace their ancestral origins back to Ardabil in the northwest.

Qashqai weavers are renowned for producing some of the softest and most finely woven tribal textiles in Iran. Their rugs are admired for their balance of durability and suppleness, while their kilims, jajims, salt bags (namakdan), and saddle bags (khorjin) are deeply integrated into nomadic life.

Famous Qashqai rug motifs include Hezar Gol (a stylized millefleur pattern), Kale Asbi (horse-head), Mahi (fish), Moharramat (striped field), and the unique and highly abstract Vizzi. Most Qashqai kilims use bold geometric abstraction, reflecting spontaneity and cultural symbolism over strict symmetry.

The finest Qashqai rugs are often associated with specific subregions or weaving styles, such as Bolurdi, Yalameh, and Abadeh. The Derreh Shuri subgroup is especially well known for its high-quality flatweaves, contributing richly to the kilim tradition.

Most authentic Qashqai weavings are made from handspun wool throughout, including both the pile and the warp/weft foundation—giving them a warm, tactile integrity and a high degree of collectibility. These rugs, kilims, and containers aren’t just decorative objects—they’re cultural tools, infused with nomadic identity, technical intelligence, and deep artistic freedom.